India’s Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has initiated a fresh review of spectrum demand for Captive Non-Public Networks (CNPNs), also known as private 5G networks. This marks the second demand survey since provisions for CNPNs were introduced in mid-2022. With enterprise adoption still in its early stages, and telecom operators opposing direct spectrum allocation to private entities, the DoT aims to identify viable frequency bands better aligned with global device ecosystems. Stakeholders, including companies with a net worth above Rs.